What is one possible positive effect of population decline?

The correct choice highlights a significant positive outcome of population decline: reduced pressure on resources. When a population decreases, there tends to be less competition for essential resources such as food, water, and energy. This can lead to a more sustainable use of these resources, as demand diminishes. For instance, renewable resources may have a better chance of replenishing at their natural rates since consumption will be lower. This also allows for the potential improvement in quality of life, as communities can invest in maintaining and enhancing their local environments, rather than depleting them.

In contrast, increased resource consumption would likely remain a concern with a growing population, as more people typically lead to higher demand on various resources. Labor shortages could hinder economic growth in certain sectors if fewer people are available to work, and while population decline may create some opportunities for economic growth in specific contexts, it generally poses challenges in maintaining economic stability. Therefore, reduced pressure on resources stands out as a clear positive effect of population decline.