What is a key consequence of urbanization?

Urbanization refers to the increasing number of people that live in urban areas, which often leads to significant changes in the demographic and economic landscape of a region. One of the most prominent consequences of urbanization is the creation of megacities. These are large cities typically defined as having a population of over 10 million people. As urban areas attract more residents seeking better job opportunities, services, and improved living conditions, populations begin to concentrate in these cities.

This concentration can lead to numerous challenges, such as overcrowding, increased demand for housing, transportation, and infrastructure, as well as environmental pressures. The growth of megacities is often emblematic of broader trends in population movement, where rural inhabitants migrate to urban settings in search of a higher standard of living. This is why the creation of megacities and the associated population concentration is a key consequence of urbanization.

In contrast, the other options do not align with the trends observed in urbanization. For instance, the expansion of agricultural land usually occurs as a response to other factors, not as a direct result of urbanization. Furthermore, urbanization typically leads to improved transportation networks as cities expand, rather than a reduction. Lastly, urbanization is characterized by a decline in rural