What economic factor discourages pregnancy in Japan?

The high cost of living and small living spaces in Japan are significant economic factors that discourage pregnancy. In urban areas, where the majority of the population lives, expenses such as housing, childcare, and education place a substantial financial burden on families. The limited space in homes further complicates the decision to have more children, as families often feel they lack the necessary room to accommodate larger households.

As a result, many couples in Japan may prioritize financial stability and comfortable living conditions over expanding their families, leading to lower birth rates. This trend reflects broader economic realities, where younger generations tend to focus on their careers and financial independence before considering parenthood, contributing to the challenges of Japan's population decline.