What does the process of urbanization entail?

Urbanization refers to the process through which there is a significant shift in the population from rural areas to urban areas. This phenomenon is often driven by various factors, including the pursuit of better job opportunities, access to services, and improved living standards that are typically found in cities. Urban areas tend to provide more employment options, educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and social services, making them attractive to individuals and families who may be seeking a higher quality of life compared to rural settings.

As people migrate to cities, several consequences often emerge, such as increased urban population density, the expansion of urban infrastructure, and changes in social dynamics. This transition also influences the economic landscape, with cities frequently becoming centers of commerce and industry due to the concentration of labor and resources.

In contrast, the other choices do not accurately represent the essence of urbanization. Moving people from urban to rural areas is the opposite of urbanization and focuses on rural development rather than urban growth. Increasing agricultural output relates more to agricultural practices and rural development strategies rather than urban migration. Developing trade routes in rural areas also centers on rural economic activities rather than the movement of populations into urban areas. Each of these alternatives reflects different aspects of economic or geographic development that do not align with the fundamental definition